Chinese President Xi Jinping has called for greater use of technology and the deployment of a “smart system” for border defence to meet “new opportunities and challenges”.

Xi highlighted the need to “strengthen technological empowerment” in border defence, “enhance the development of new methods and conditions for border, maritime, and air defence, and build a comprehensive and smart management and control system”.

Tuesday’s meeting lacked details about what the “smart” systems would entail.

However, an article published last year in the PLA Daily, the official newspaper of the People’s Liberation Army, said technological advancements for border defence included modernised reconnaissance, surveillance, and early warning networks for efficient monitoring, as well as unmanned weapons incorporating AI.

Xi also called for efforts to build a “strong, stable, and modern” border defence, as well as air and sea defence, to safeguard the country’s national security and interests.

“As the world undergoes a century of accelerating changes, the influencing factors have become increasingly complex. The construction of border, maritime, and air defence faces new opportunities and challenges,” Xi said.

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Should China be concerned about the latest Japan-Philippines security pact?

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Xi called for strengthened “overall coordination” to secure the borders, according to state news agency Xinhua.

The Politburo’s regular group study sessions usually feature a reasearcher who leads discussions on various topics. This session focused on border defence, with a lecture by Huang Jizhong, an officer from the Joint Staff Department of the Central Military Commission.

Xi said on Tuesday that managing China’s border defence involved multiple military and civilian departments. He called for “combined” efforts by the military, police, civilians and local governments.

He praised the achievements of recent reforms in border defence management systems, force structure and national defence policies, adding that “a series of significant actions have been carried out to effectively safeguard our territorial sovereignty and maritime rights”.

The coastguard has undergone structural changes, operating under the command of the People’s Armed Police and military leadership since 2018.

During the Tuesday meeting, Xi also extended greetings to all officers and soldiers in celebration of the PLA’s anniversary on August 1.