Living near an airport could cost more than just sleep. A recent study reveals that exposure to airplane noise, especially at night, alters the structure and function of the heart, increasing the risk of serious cardiovascular diseases.
Noise pollution doesn’t just disrupt our peace. It also attacks our heart health. British researchers analyzed cardiac imaging data from 3,635 people living near major airports, revealing alarming effects on the heart.
Nighttime noise, an aggravating factor
The study, published in the Journal of the American College of Cardiology, shows that people exposed to high levels of airplane noise, particularly at night, have stiffer and less efficient heart muscles. These abnormalities reduce the heart’s ability to pump blood properly.
Researchers compared the hearts of residents living in noisy areas to those in quieter areas. The results indicate that nighttime noise disrupts sleep, which could partly explain these harmful effects on heart health.
A multiplied cardiovascular risk
The observed cardiac abnormalities could double or even quadruple the risk of serious events like heart attacks or strokes. These findings add to growing evidence of the dangers of noise pollution.
Dr. Gaby Captur, lead author of the study, emphasizes that noise triggers stress responses, releasing cortisol and activating the sympathetic nervous system. These mechanisms could explain the increase in blood pressure and arterial stiffness.
Urgent measures needed
Researchers call for concerted action to reduce exposure to airplane noise, especially for the millions of people living near airports. Solutions exist, such as improving sound insulation or revising flight paths.
In the meantime, adopting a healthy lifestyle remains essential to protect your heart. A balanced diet, regular physical activity, and stress management are proven ways to reduce cardiovascular risks.
To go further: What is cortisol and how does it influence our health?
Cortisol, often called the “stress hormone,” is a substance produced by the adrenal glands in response to stressful situations. It plays a crucial role in regulating metabolism, blood pressure, and immune response.
When cortisol is released in excess, it can lead to increased blood pressure and accelerated heart rate. These effects, if they become chronic, can damage blood vessels and increase the risk of cardiovascular diseases, such as heart attacks or strokes.
Cortisol also influences sleep and mood. High levels can disrupt sleep cycles, leading to insomnia or frequent awakenings. This can worsen stress and create a vicious cycle that is hard to break.
Finally, excess cortisol is associated with metabolic problems, such as weight gain or insulin resistance. These effects show how this hormone, although vital, can become harmful if not properly regulated.
What is the sympathetic nervous system and what is its role?
The sympathetic nervous system is a branch of the autonomic nervous system responsible for the “fight or flight” response. It prepares the body to react quickly in case of stress or danger by increasing heart rate and blood pressure.
When activated, this system releases hormones like adrenaline and noradrenaline, which accelerate essential bodily functions. This allows for better oxygenation of muscles and increased alertness, but can also cause high blood pressure if activation is prolonged.
Overactivation of the sympathetic nervous system, often due to chronic stress or prolonged exposure to noise, can lead to health problems. This includes increased risks of cardiovascular diseases, such as hypertension or arrhythmia.
Finally, this system interacts with other physiological mechanisms, such as cortisol release. Together, they form a complex response to stress, which, if not regulated, can have long-term detrimental effects on overall health.
