野馬效應

前幾天我跟同事講了二十分鐘職場心理課,題目是野馬效應。你聽過沒有?

在廣闊的大草原上,有一種蝙蝠以野馬的血液為食。牠們會附着在野馬身上,用鋒利的牙齒吸食野馬血液。野馬只能憤怒地狂奔,卻無法擺脫牠們。當蝙蝠離開野馬,野馬卻死去。但研究人員發現,吸血蝙蝠吸食的血液量非常少,也沒有殘留病毒,不足以導致野馬死亡。

野馬真正的死亡原因,是牠們狂怒和奔跑而累死了!在心理學上是很著名的理論,被稱為「野馬效應」。野馬愚蠢嗎?日常生活,你試過為了小事激烈反應,結果和人大吵一頓嗎?我們既是受傷的野馬,也是讓事態升級的蝙蝠。

一位女士放工回家,發現丈夫癱坐在沙發上玩電子遊戲,勃然大怒,開始訓斥和批評他。丈夫也像一匹野馬,怒不可遏,認為妻子不講道理。他變成了一隻挑釁的蝙蝠,開始挑釁妻子。隨着雙方在「野馬」和「蝙蝠」之間不斷切換,爭吵也愈演愈烈。這種不必要的情緒波動給自己和周圍的人帶來巨大的身心傷害。

很多時候,傷害我們的並非事物本身,而是我們的情緒和反應,這正是「野馬效應」。生活中總有太多不如意的事情,總有無數的困難需要面對。這些外在因素往往微不足道。悲劇,反而是由這些瑣碎小事造成。

外在人事物對我們的影響程度,取決於我們對它的定義。只有正視自己的情緒,才能調節情緒。而調節情緒,並非掩蓋情緒。如果一直遏抑情緒,會造成巨大壓力,總有一天會爆發。我們應該正視它,分析負面情緒產生的原因。調節情緒是一種修行。當我們對某些人或事物感到情緒化時,不妨思考一下自己的內心感受。

情緒可能由外在刺激引發,但最終結果往往是我們自身選擇。

撰文 : 金鈴

欄名 : 鈴動悉地

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