英國收緊移民措施 延長居留期至10年及提高英語水平要求 | 國際 on LINE

英國收緊移民措施,延長居留期至10年及提高英語水平要求。(影片截圖)
英國收緊移民措施,延長居留期至10年及提高英語水平要求。(影片截圖)

英國首相施紀賢(Keir Starmer)5月12日公布《移民白皮書》,推出一系列移民政策改革措施,包括將申請永久居留的居住年期延長至10年,以及提高英語水平的要求。施紀賢預料,措施推出後英國的移民人數會在4年內大幅下降。

施紀賢預料,措施推出後英國的移民人數會在4年內大幅下降。(影片截圖)
施紀賢預料,措施推出後英國的移民人數會在4年內大幅下降。(影片截圖)

施紀賢表示,新政策將終結「失控移民」現象,建立一個「受控、選擇性及公平」的制度。他指出,部分行業長期依賴進口廉價勞工,而非投資本地人力,今後將推動經濟結構改革,優先考慮能夠為經濟及社會作出持久貢獻的高技能人士。

根據新政策,申請永久居留及入籍的居住年期將由目前的5年延長至10年,並會引入積分制度。如果申請人能證明自己對英國經濟和社會作出「真實且持久的貢獻」,則可通過5年的快速通道申請永居。當局亦計劃更新現行入籍申請人需應考的《英國生活知識測試》(Life in the UK test)。

英語要求方面,所有移民路徑的語言門檻將全面提升。申請工作簽證及其成年受養人將需達到更高程度的英語水平,申請續簽時需通過A2級考試,申請永居的英語要求則由B1級提高至B2級水平。B2級要求申請人能理解抽象和具體主題的複雜文本,並具備流暢的交流能力。

針對工作簽證,當局將重新提高學歷門檻至大學程度,並加強技術職位的篩選。低技術勞工僅可在業界證明人才短缺、且符合產業戰略下,才可獲准短期逗留。企業亦需證明招聘本地員工有困難,並承諾強化培訓。

社會護理簽證將被取消,未來英國護理機構不得再從海外招聘護理人員。僱主如需聘用海外員工,需支付更高的移民技能附加費(Immigration Skills Charge),中小型企業需支付最多2,400英鎊,大型企業則需支付最多6,600英鎊。

國際學生簽證亦將收緊。(圖/UCL)
國際學生簽證亦將收緊。(圖/UCL)

國際學生簽證亦將收緊。畢業後可逗留英國的期限將由5年縮短至18個月,學生簽證審查亦將加強。大學或學院需確保至少95%的國際學生成功入學,90%完成學業。政府亦計劃對每位國際學生徵收新稅,所得將用於技能培訓。

英國內政部表示,這些措施有望每年減少約10萬名移民進入英國。施紀賢強調,改革是出於對本地勞工的承擔,而非回應政黨壓力。他表示:「這是正確的、公平的,也是我深信的。」

至於措施會否影響 BNO簽證安排,80多頁的《白皮書》內,多次重申英國政府出於人道理由,對烏克蘭及香港的支持與關心,並表示會繼續這個方針,但未有明確說明BNO簽證持有人是否會獲得豁免。

未知措施會否影響 BNO簽證安排。
未知措施會否影響 BNO簽證安排。

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